The dynamic and shocking, looking to the future technical era art style of “futurism” most clearly and fully embodied in his work the Italian and Russian poets and artists of the early twentieth century.
Futurism – the artistic direction of the singers of the new industrial era. Hooked on future flowering of science and technology, and they called their direction futurum – future. However, in their overly optimistic belief in machines and technical civilization, adherents of futurism called “throw off the ship of modernity” the achievements of art of the past. What they offered in return?
In the “Manifesto of Futurist Painting”, published in April 1910, artists George. Severini, K.Karra, U.Bochchoni, L.Russolo Balla and formulated their creative ideas. “First of all – said Futurist artists – need to sweep all the plots have already been used to express our lives become a vortex, pride, fever and speed.” But to formulate creative ideas – this one, and they manage to translate them into his paintings – is somewhat different. Many futurists subjects, contrary to the requirements of their ideology, the poet Marinetti, were quite traditional. My favorite subjects in George. Severini was beautiful parks, dancer, cafes, restaurants, by the way, the Impressionists, too, preferred the same theme. But the Futurists had a compositional interpretation and its visual form. The main aim was to transfer them to plastic means rhythm, tempo and speed of movement. That it was for futurists main feature of the present and the long-awaited them technetronic future.
What could be more traditional than the image of ladies leading a dog? Or running girl? Futurists gave this dynamic interpretation of subjects, for example, they wrote in his manifesto: “We are not running horse has four legs, but twenty-four, and their movements are triangular.” This thesis literally scores: he portrays legged running girl, a dog with a lot of tails, or many-armed musician mnogokryluyu butterfly. The artist breaks down the process of moving a large number of its constituent points. Balla captures every nuance of motion as a constant and independent value. It gets going, with careful diligence decomposed into constituent parts, but the direct sense of movement, which is so sought futurists still arise. This is called the principle of simultaneity, and is widely used in animation. Compositional bases futurist paintings were so-called “line of force” by which things seemed to penetrate each other.

It was interesting even the technique of composition. The Italian Futurist artists: first makes it quite realistic sketch of the future picture, then the picture changed, often using the technique of divisionism or pointillism. The objective of this phase of work on the painting was to create the feeling impression Captivating runaway life. And only then, in accordance with the principle of “dynamic” image is decomposed into its constituent parts. We started with realism and abstractionism finished.
Interestingly, poetizatsiya machines, urbanization and technological civilization artists and poets – futurists happening in the country, first of all, is not the most industrial, secondly – with the deepest roots of their ancient and unique culture. What a contrast with the expressionism, where even the name of the “Bridge” is a bond of contemporary art with the traditions of the past. Futurists aggressively denied the value of their cultural heritage.
The ideologist of Italian Futurism – the poet Filippo Marinetti claimed that there could be no masterpiece aggressiveness. On the one hand Marinetti and his supporters sang the image of man-robot-human cog huge industrial machines, on the other – the Nietzschean ideal of a strong personality. However, this leader himself Italian Futurism cog is not believed he would be a person, a person with special, extraordinary. Is it any wonder that the singer of wars and revolutions, anti-aging power of social explosions, updates “decrepit civilization” Marinetti became a supporter of the Italian fascists.

Not escape fascination with the mechanical arts and artists Severini, Balla, Boccioni. These paintings were also some mechanical creatures that were so similar to the robots. However, the word “robot” came much later. And in 1913, it was even created a “Manifesto of the mechanical arts.”

You can question the ideals of the Futurists, but the creators of this trend – people undoubtedly outstanding and talented. In Russia – the creators of the association “Gilea” brothers Burliuk, artists Alexandra Exter, Mikhail Larionov, Kazimir Malevich, Natalia Goncharova, paid tribute to the passion that style.